This is a summary of a research article originally published in the Journal of Urology. The PROSPER study involved men who had a type of advanced prostate cancer called non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). In patients with nmCRPC, their prostate cancer keeps growing even after traditional hormone treatments. In these patients, rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels suggest that cancer is active but CT and bone scans show that it has not spread to other parts of the body. Everyone in this study received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) either with the medicine enzalutamide or a placebo. Enzalutamide is a medicine that can slow or stop androgens, such as testosterone, from making prostate cancer grow. The main results of the PROSPER study showed that patients with nmCRPC treated with enzalutamide and ADT lived longer than patients treated with placebo and ADT. In this study, researchers wanted to know if the findings were different depending on how much patients’ PSA level declined after enzalutamide treatment. Researchers also wanted to know if this made a difference in how long patients lived without the cancer spreading to other parts of their bodyThis Plain Language Summary of Publication article published in Future Oncology looks at prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. This summary describes a study that involved men who had a type of advanced prostate cancer called non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). In these participants, rising PSA levels suggest that the cancer is active but scans show that it has not spread to other parts of the body. Researchers found that participants with a large decline in PSA level after treatment with the medication enzalutamide were more likely to live longer without their cancer spreading.

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The original article on which this summary is based is called ‘Nadir Prostate-specific Antigen as an Independent Predictor of Survival Outcomes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the PROSPER Randomized Clinical Trial’. It was published in The Journal of Urology.

Read the original article here.