eople diagnosed with a disease called large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) may experience return, or early relapse, of their disease within the first year after receiving and responding to their first (first-line) treatment regimen. Others may have primary refractory disease, meaning that the disease either did not respond to first-line treatment at all or only responded for a very brief period. Second (second-line) treatment includes immunotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy and ASCT, which has the potential to cure LBCL. However, if the disease does not respond to immunotherapy, people cannot receive ASCT, and less than 30% of people are cured.Therefore, new second-line treatment options are required, such as CAR T cell therapy, which uses a person’s own genetically engineered lymphocytes, also called T cells, to fight their lymphoma. In this article, we summarize the key results of the phase 3 TRANSFORM clinical studythat tested if liso-cel, a CAR T cell treatment, can safely and effectively be used as a second-line treatment for people with early relapsed or primary refractory (relapsed/refractory) LBCLThis Plain Language Summary of Publication article (PLSP) from Future Oncology summarises the results of a study called TRANSFORM. People diagnosed with a disease called large B-cell lymphoma may experience a return/early relapse of their disease after receiving and responding to their first treatment regimen (First-line treatment). Others may not have responded to their first treatment regimen at all (or responded for a very brief period). The current second treatment (second-line treatment) may not be suitable for all patients, so a new second-line treatment is needed. This TRANSFORM study assessed whether a treatment called liso-cel can safely and effectively be used as a second-line treatment for people where first-line treatment has not worked effectively.

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This PLSP is based on an article called ‘Lisocabtagene maraleucel as second-line therapy for large B-cell lymphoma: primary analysis of the phase 3 TRANSFORM study’ and was published in Blood. 

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